| Why in News? | World Radio Day is observed annually on February 13 to celebrate radio as a powerful medium for communication, information dissemination, and entertainment. |
| Established By | UNESCO in 2011, adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in 2013. |
| Significance | Recognizes radio's role in fostering dialogue, promoting democracy, and ensuring diverse voices are heard. |
| Birth of Radio Technology | Guglielmo Marconi made the first successful radio transmission in 1895, but Jagadish Chandra Bose demonstrated radio wave transmission earlier in November 1895. |
| Growth of Radio | - Commercial radio broadcasting began in the 1920s. - By the 1950s, radio became a major global information and entertainment source. |
| How Radio Works? | - Radio Transmitter: Converts sound into electromagnetic waves. - Radio Receiver: Captures and converts waves back into sound. |
| Types of Radio Transmission | - AM (Amplitude Modulation): Uses kHz frequency, has broader coverage but lower sound quality. - FM (Frequency Modulation): Uses MHz frequency, provides better sound quality but limited coverage. |
| Role of Radio in Society | - Promotes Diversity: Provides a platform for multiple cultures and languages. - Disseminates Information: Broadcasts news, education, and emergency alerts. - Connects Communities: Reaches rural and isolated areas. - Empowers People: Gives voice to underrepresented groups. |
| Radio in India | - The first radio program aired in 1923 by the Radio Club of Bombay. - All India Radio (AIR) was established in 1956, now one of the world's largest radio networks. - FM Broadcasting started in Chennai on July 23, 1977. - Private FM stations emerged in 2001 but are restricted from broadcasting news. |
| Who Invented Radio? | - Jagadish Chandra Bose (1895): Demonstrated electromagnetic wave transmission, passed waves through walls, ignited gunpowder remotely. - Guglielmo Marconi: Developed the first practical radio transmitter, conducted long-distance transmissions, and won the 1909 Nobel Prize in Physics. |
